What is NDIR gas analyzer and how does it work?
I have an research task about CO2 level measurement in the atmosphere used by scientists. I want to know how NDIR work on measuring CO2 level.
For NDIR analyzer, the main components are an infrared source (lamp), a sample chamber or light tube, a wavelength filter, and the infrared detector. The gas is pumped (or diffuses) into the sample chamber, and gas concentration is measured electro-optically by its absorption of a specific wavelength in the infrared (IR). The IR light is directed through the sample chamber towards the detector. The detector has an optical filter in front of it that eliminates all light except the wavelength that the selected gas molecules can absorb. Ideally other gas molecules do not absorb light at this wavelength, and do not affect the amount of light reaching the detector.
As many gases absorb well in the IR area, it is often necessary to compensate for interfering components. For instance, CO2 and H2O often initiate cross sensitivity in the infrared spectrum. As many measurements in the IR area are cross sensitive to H2O it is some times not possible to analyse for instance SO2 and NO2 in low concentrations using the infrared light principle.
The IR signal from the source is usually chopped or modulated so that thermal background signals can be offset from the desired signal.
Another way to measure ambient CO2 level is PAS, Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, which the principle is similar to NDIR, but with a different detection method. It also consists of the IR source, chopper, optical filters, measurement chamber with microphones as detector.
In Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) the gas to be measured is irradiated by modulated light of a pre-selected wavelength. The gas molecules absorb some of the light energy and convert it into an acoustic signal which is detected by a microphone.The IR-source is a spherical, heated black body. A mirror focuses the light onto the window of the PAS cell after it has passed the light chopper and the optical filter. The chopper is a slotted disk which rotates and effectively “switches” the light on and off. The optical filter is a narrow-band IR interference filter.After passing through the window, the light beam enters the PAS-cell. If the frequency of the light coincides with an absorbtion band of the gas in the cell, the gas molecule will absorb part of the light. The higher the concentration of gas in the cell, the more light will be absorbed.As the gas absorbs energy, it is heated and therefore expands and causes a pressure rise. As the light is chopped, the pressure will alternately increase and decrease – an acoustic signal is thus generated. The acoustic signal is detected by two microphones. The electrical output signals from the two microphone signals are added in an amplifier, before they are processed.
read more about PAS here:
http://www.lumasense.dk/PAS-Principle.110.0.html
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